Review on the Application and Current Trends of Biotechnology

Abstract

Biotechnology is defined as biology-based technology which uses organisms or their parts to make or modify products, or improve plants, animals and microorganisms. It is classified as animal biotechnology, environmental biotechnology, aquatic biotechnology, microbial biotechnology, medical biotechnology, and forensic biotechnology. The Modern biotechnology finds promising applications in different ways like environment protection, isolation of criminals, and production of food and drug. Its application is held in nanotechnology, cloning, gene therapy, recombinant DNA technology, embryonic stem cell research, biofuels, biobanks, and in biotechnological industries. Biotechnology and bio industries are becoming an integral part of the knowledge-based economy, because they are closely associated with progress in the life sciences and in applied sciences and technologies linked to them. Today world economy is highly grown by the application of the latest biological technologies. Currently a biosafety regulatory regime has been developed in Ethiopia to regulate the trans boundary movement of genetically modified organisms to avert their possible risks on biodiversity, human health and the environment in general. Based on these facts recommendations are given such as, biotechnology should be held by taking  various ethical concerns into consideration; the government of developing countries like Ethiopia should promote the development of biotechnology in the country by allocating adequate budget for the development and application of the technology; and fairness in the use of genetic information are recommended.

Keywords: Application, biotechnology, current trends, review