An In-Depth Analysis of Nanocomposites and Their Uses

Abstract

A nanocomposite material is composed of several phases with at least one, two, or three dimensions at the nanoscale. When material dimensions are shrunk to the nanoscale level, phase interfaces are created, and they are essential for enhancing the material's qualities. The surface area to volume ratio of the reinforced material used in the production of nanocomposites has a direct impact on our understanding of the relationship between structure and property. Nanocomposites offer opportunities for breaking down barriers on whole new scales in the medical, pharmaceutical, food packaging, electronics, and energy industries. Inorganic nanoscale building blocks are typically directly incorporated into polymers to produce polymeric nanocomposites. In order to produce nanocomposites through dispersive blending, the surface of the nanofillers must be modified. By enhancing interfacial adhesion through chemical bonding or chain entanglement, it can increase the hydrophobicity of fillers, eliminate the loose structure of filler agglomerates, and increase interfacial adhesion. In the current work, along with the specific surface pre-treatment techniques and their applications, the state of the art for nanoparticle/polymer composites is reviewed. The role of modified nanoparticles and the processes by which the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the composites are improved are given special attention.