Nanotechnology and Smart Agriculture: New Perspectives, Challenges, and Technological Advancements

Abstract

As nanotechnology offers effective and sustainable solutions, it has the potential to completely transform the agriculture sector. It can help with food preservation, lower water consumption, boost crop growth, and increase yield. To guarantee its safe application, rules must be established and potential hazards must be carefully considered. With additional study and advancement, Future agricultural practices could become much more sustainable and productive with the help of nanotechnology. Biomolecules found in plant extracts aid in the one-step green synthesis process that converts metal ions into nanoparticles.  The following environmentally friendly synthesis method is easy to use, safe for the environment, and feasible at ambient temperature without the need for specialised equipment. It can also be readily scaled up or down to meet demand. A controlled-release mixture of nanoparticles derived from nanotechnology becomes demonstrated favourable results for improving plant growth, resistance to disease, and nutrition when combined with site-specific fertiliser and other essential nutrient delivery. Nanoencapsulation can improve the use of herbicides by increasing penetration and facilitating the slow, continuous release of active ingredients. Modern agriculture has a bright future thanks to biotechnological advancements and the usage of nanomaterials to create fast and accurate diagnostic instruments. The most efficient method of providing food for the world's population is to combine conservation agriculture with smart agricultural practices, especially in light of the changing climate.