Assessment and Monitoring of Carbonation Ingress in Reinforced Concrete Structures: Non-Destructive Testing for Durability and Performance Evaluation

Abstract

This research addresses the urgent concern of the accelerated and premature deterioration observed in reinforced concrete (RC) structures over recent decades. Emphasizing the necessity for effective condition evaluation, the study introduces various non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques tailored for monitoring civil infrastructures. Covering key parameters crucial for performance assessment and condition monitoring, including reinforcement cover, corrosion, carbonation, chloride concentration, and concrete strength, the research employs methods such as covermeter and rebar locator for measuring reinforcement cover and cross-sectional area. Electrochemical potential measurements and electrical resistivity tests are utilized to examine the corrosion of steel bars, a major contributor to concrete structure deterioration. Rainbow and Phenolphthalein indicator tests assess carbonation depth, while Quantab and Rapid Chloride Tests measure chloride concentration. Strength evaluation employs rebound hammer tests, CAPO tests, penetration tests, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests, and pull-out tests. Field surveys of deteriorated structures in Bhopal, India, provide a diverse dataset for analysis. The study underscores the significance of continuous monitoring, advanced testing techniques, and targeted interventions for the maintenance and enhancement of RC structures, ensuring their longevity and resilience.