On the Interplay between Surface Roughness and Cell Thickness for Efficient CZTS Thin Film Solar Cells
Abstract
Today's thin-film photovoltaic technologies comprising CuInS2 (CIS), CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) and CdTe elements that are costly and rare and in the earth crust such as In, Ga, Te and toxic like Cd. Henceforth, in future, expense decrease, proficient and expanded creation, utilizing bounteously accessible nonharmful components, appear to be the fundamental issue to deliver large scale manufacturing and effective sunlight-based cells. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), having the kesterite structure, is perhaps the most encouraging absorber layer candidate for low-cost thin-film solar cells, as a result of its appropriate direct bandgap between 1.4 and 1.5 eV and enormous absorption coefficient, more than 104 cm-1. Additionally, it is made out of earth-plentiful and non-poisonous components, promising value decreases later on. "Recently, research in this area has gained momentum due to the desirability of producing Ga, In and Cd-free absorber layers and the potential to obtain new insights. Subsequently, this study addresses out advancement and present accomplishment of CZTS thin film solar cells, with the expectation of recognizing new ways for beneficial examination and mass mechanical creation. The general effectiveness discovered is around 11%, which is extremely acceptable and most elevated for single-intersection CZTS thin-film solar cells.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Hironori Katagiri, Kazuo Jimbo, Satoru Yamada, Tsuyoshi Kamimura, Win Shwe Maw, Tatsuo Fukano, Tadashi Ito, Tomoyoshi Motohiro. Enhanced Conversion Efficiencies of Cu2ZnSnS4 Based Thin Film Solar Cells by Using Preferential Etching Technique. Appl Phys Express. 2008; 1: 041201p.
Byungha Shin, Oki Gunawan, Yu Zhu, Bojarczuk Nestor A, Jay Chey S, Supratik Guha. Thin Film Solar Cell with 8.4% Power Conversion Efficiency Using an Earth-Abundant Cu2ZnSnS4 Absorber. Prog Photovolt Res Appl. 2011; 21(1): 72–76p.
Qijie Guo, Grayson M. Ford, Wei-Chang Yang, Bryce C Walker, Eric A. Stach, Hugh W. Hillhouse, Rakesh Agrawal. Fabrication of 7.2% Efficient CZTS, Solar Cells Using CZTS Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc. 2010; 132(49): 17384–17386p.
Aaron Barkhouse, Oki Gunawan, Tayfun Gokmen, Todorov Teodor K, Mitzi David B. Device Characteristics of a 10.1% Hydrazine-Processed Cu2ZnSn(Se,S)4 Solar Cell. Prog Photovolt Res Appl. 2012; 20(1): 6–11p.
Feng N-N, Michel J, Zeng L, Liu J, Hong C-Y, Kimerling LC, Duan X. Design of Highly Efficient Light-Trapping Structures for Thin- Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. IEEE Trans Electron Devices. 2007; 54(8): 1926–1933p.
Brammer T, Stiebig H. Defect Density and Recombination Lifetime in Microcrystalline Silicon Absorbers of Highly Efficient Thin-Film Solar Cells Determined by Numerical Device Simulations. J Appl Phys. 2003; 94(2): 1035–1042p.
Franken RH, Stolk RL, Li H, M. van der Werf CH, Rath JK, Schropp REI. Understanding Light Trapping by Light Scattering Textured Back Electrodes in Thin Film n-i-p-Type Silicon Solar Cells. J Appl Phys. 2007; 102(1): 014503p.
Schade H, Lechner P, Geyer R, Stiebig H, Rech B, Kluth O. Texture Properties of TCO Uniquely Determining Light Trapping in Thin- Film Silicon Solar Cells. In Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Conference Record of the 31st IEEE. Jan 2005; 1436–1439p.
Madzharov D, Owen JI, Hamraz S, Dewan R, Hüpkes J, Knipp D. Optimizing Nanotextured Surfaces of Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells. Manuscript in preparation. 2011.
Springer J, Poruba A, Müllerova L, Vanecek M, Kluth O, Rech B. Absorption Loss at Nano Rough Silver Back Reflector of Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells. J Appl Phys. 2004; 95(3): 1427–1429p.
Haug F-J, Söderström T, Cubero O, Terrazzoni-Daudrix V, Ballif C. Plasmonic Absorption in Textured Silver Back Reflectors of Thin Film Solar Cells. J Appl Phys. 2008; 104(6): 064509p.
Schaadt DM, Feng B, Yu ET. Enhanced Semiconductor Optical Absorption via Surface Plasmon Excitation in Metal Nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett. 2005; 86(6): 063106p.
Moulin E, Sukmanowski J, Luo P, Carius R, Royer F, Stiebig H. Improved Light Absorption in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells by Integration of Silver Nanoparticles. J Non-Cryst Solids. 2008; 354(19–25): 2488–2491p.
Agrawal M, Frei M. Rigorous Optical Modeling and Optimization of Thin Film Photovoltaic Cells with Textured Transparent Conductive Oxides. Prog Photovolt: Research and Applications. 2011; 20(4): 442–451p.
Ghediya PR, Chaudhuri TK, Vankhade D. Electrical Conduction of CZTS Films in Dark and under Light from Molecular Solution Ink. J Alloys Compd. 2016; 685: 498–506p. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.299,2016.
Hasan MR, Tomal AI. High-Performance GaN-based Green LEDs. 2017 4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE), Dhaka. 2017; 54–58p. doi:10.1109/ICAEE.2017.8255326.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.