Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Brief Review on Synthesis of CdSe Nanomaterials

Nitya Garg

Abstract


Semiconductor nanomaterials which belong to II–VI groups of periodic tables are considered to be important class of materials for both fundamental research point of view as well as production of solid state devices. Among all II–VI groups of semiconductor nanomaterials, cadmium selenide is found to be one of the potential materials for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices and in biomedical applications because of its direct band gap nature and the capacity of changing optical and electrical property by changing its particle size. Literature review revealed that high quality CdSe nanostructures have been synthesized by various physical and chemical methods. Each method results in a material with significantly different properties depending on the synthetic route. This paper summarizes the considerable work that has been done till now in the area of synthesis of CdSe nanomaterials in order to produce highly monodisperse nanostructures.

 

Keywords: Semiconductor, cadmium selenide, quantum dots, nanoparticles, thin films


Full Text:

PDF

References


Hankare PP, Bhuse VM, Garadkar KM et al. Chemical deposition of cubic CdSe and HgSe thin films and their characterization. Semicond Sci Technol. 2004; 19: 70–75p.

Murali KR, Swaminathan V, Trivedi DC. Characteristics of nanocrystalline CdSe films. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells. 2004; 81: 113–18p.

Choi JY, Kim K-J, Yoo J-B et al. Properties of cadmium sulfide thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition with ultrasonication. Solar Energy. 1998; 64: 41–47p.

Trindade T, O'Brien P, Pickett NL. Nanocrystalline Semiconductors: Synthesis, Properties, and Perspectives. Chem Mater. 2001; 13: 3843–58p.

Rogach A. Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien; 2008. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-75237-1.

Norris DJ, Efros AL, Rosen M, et al. Size dependence of exciton fine structure in CdSe quantum dots. Phys Rev B. 1996; 53: 16347–54p.

Lehmann AG, Bionducci M, Buffa F. Effect of mechanical grinding on the hexagonal structure of CdSe. Phys Rev B. 1998; 58: 5275–81p.

Stokes HT, Gunter J, Hatch DM, et al. Bilayer sliding mechanism for the wurtzite-to-rocksalt transition. Phys Rev B. 2007; 76: 012102p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.76.012102

Zhang SB, Wei S-H, Zunger A. A phenomenological model for systematization and prediction of doping limits in II–VI and I–III–VI2 compounds. J Appl Phys. 1998; 83: 3192–96p.

Venkatram N, Sathyavathi R, Rao DN. Size dependent multiphoton absorption and refraction of CdSe nanoparticles. Opt. Express. 2007; 15(19): 12258-63p.

Ohtsuka T, Kawamata J, Zhu Z, et al. p‐type CdSe grown by molecular beam epitaxy using a nitrogen plasma source. Appl Phys Lett. 1994; 65: 466p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.112338.

Ma C, Ding Y, Moore D, et al. Single-Crystal CdSe Nanosaws. J Am Chem Soc. 2004; 126: 708–09p.

Bera SK, Chaudhuri S, Gupta RP, et al. Electrical transport studies in nanocrystalline CdSe/SiO2 composite films. Thin Solid Films. 2001; 382: 86–94p.

Sharma M, Sharma AB, Mishra N, et al. Investigation of size dependent structural and optical properties of thin films of CdSe quantum dots. Mater Res Bull. 2011; 46: 453–59p

Brioude A,Bellessa J, Rabaste S, et al. Resonant Raman effect enhanced by surface plasmon excitation of CdSe nanocrystals embedded in thin SiO2SiO2 films. J Appl Phys. 2004; 95: 2744–48p.

Srivastava P, Singh K. Synthesis of CdSe nanoparticles by solvothermal route: Structural, optical and spectroscopic properties. Adv Mater Lett. 2012; 3: 340–44p.

Perna G, Capozzi V, Ambrico M. Structural properties and photoluminescence study of CdSe/Si epilayers deposited by laser ablation. J Appl Phys. 1998; 83: 3337–39p.

Murray CB, Norris DJ, Bawendi MG. Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites. J Am Chem Soc. 1993; 115: 8706–15p.

Alivisatos P, The use of nanocrystals in biological detection. Nat Biotech. 2004; 22: 47–52p.

Nanda J, Narayan KS, Kuruvilla BA, et al. Sizable photocurrent and emission from solid state devices based on CdS nanoparticles. Appl Phys Lett. 1998; 72: 1335–37p.

Koktysh DS, Gaponik N, Reufer M. Near-Infrared Electroluminescence from HgTe Nanocrystals. Chem Phys Chem. 2004; 5: 1435–38p.

Klimov VI, Mikhailovsky AA, Xu S, et al. Optical Gain and Stimulated Emission in Nanocrystal Quantum Dots. Science. 2000; 290: 314– 17p.

Murphy CJ. Sustainability as an emerging design criterion in nanoparticle synthesis and applications. J Mater Chem. 2008; 18: 2173–76p.

Yan DS, Feng D. Nano Materials Science. Changsha: Hunan Science & Technology Press; 1997; 56–87p.

Peng X, Manna L, Yang W, et al. Shape control of CdSe nanocrystals. Nature. 2000; 404: 59– 61p.

Peng Q, Dong Y, Deng Z, et al. Selective Synthesis and Characterization of CdSe Nanorods and Fractal Nanocrystals. Inorg Chem. 2002; 41: 5249–54p

Li R, Luo Z, Papadimitrakopoulos F. Redox-Assisted Asymmetric Ostwald Ripening of CdSe Dots to Rods. J Am Chem Soc. 2006; 128: 6280–81p.

Shieh F, Saunders AE, Korgel BA. General Shape Control of Colloidal CdS, CdSe, CdTe Quantum Rods and Quantum Rod Heterostructures. J Phys Chem B. 2005; 109: 8538–42p.

Salant A, Amitay-Sadovsky E, Banin U. Directed Self-Assembly of Gold-Tipped CdSe Nanorods. J Am Chem Soc. 2006; 128: 10006–07p.

Son DH, Hughes SM, Yin Y, et al. Cation exchange reactions in ionic nanocrystals. Science. 2004; 306: 1009– 12p.

Ouyang L, Maher KN, Yu CL, et al. Catalyst-Assisted Solution−Liquid−Solid Synthesis of CdS/CdSe Nanorod Heterostructures. J Am Chem Soc. 2007; 129: 133–38p.

Tang Z, Kotov NA, One-Dimensional Assemblies of Nanoparticles: Preparation, Properties, and Promise. Adv Mater. 2005; 17: 951– 62p.

Ma C, Wang ZL Road Map for the Controlled Synthesis of CdSe Nanowires, Nanobelts, and Nanosaws—A Step Towards Nanomanufacturing. Adv Mater. 2005; 17: 2635– 39p.

Zhao L, Lu T, Yosef M, et al. Single-Crystalline CdSe Nanostructures: from Primary Grains to Oriented Nanowires. Chem Mater. 2006; 18: 6094–96p.

Pradhan N, Xu H, Peng X. Colloidal CdSe Quantum Wires by Oriented Attachment. Nano Lett. 2006; 6: 720– 4.

Jiang X, Mayers B, Herricks T, et al. Direct Synthesis of Se@CdSe Nanocables and CdSe Nanotubes by Reacting Cadmium Salts with Se Nanowires. Adv Mater. 2003; 15: 1740–43p.

Joo J, Son JS, Kwon SG, et al. Low-Temperature Solution-Phase Synthesis of Quantum Well Structured CdSe Nanoribbons. J Am Chem Soc. 2006; 128: 5632–33p.

Halpert JE, Porter VJ, Zimmer JP, et al. Synthesis of CdSe/CdTe Nanobarbells. J Am Chem Soc. 2006; 128: 12590–91p.

Manna L, Scher EC, Alivisatos AP. Synthesis of Soluble and Processable Rod-, Arrow-, Teardrop-, and Tetrapod-Shaped CdSe Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc. 2000; 122: 12700–706p.

Battaglia D, Li JJ, Wang Y, et al. Colloidal two-dimensional systems: CdSe quantum shells and wells. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2003; 42: 5035–39p.

Zlateva G, Zhelev Z, Bakalova R et al. Precise Size Control and Synchronized Synthesis of Six Colors of CdSe Quantum Dots in a Slow-Increasing Temperature Gradient. Inorg Chem. 2007; 46: 6212–14p.

Liu L, Peng Q, Li Y. An Effective Oxidation Route to Blue Emission CdSe Quantum Dots. Inorg Chem. 2008; 47: 3182– 87p.

Murray CB, Norris DJ, Bawendi MG. Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites. J Am Chem Soc. 1993; 115: 8706−15.

Katari JEB, Colvin VL, Alivisatos AP. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of CdSe Nanocrystals with Applications to Studies of the Nanocrystal Surface. J Phys Chem. 1994; 98: 4109−17p.

Gerion D, Pinaud F, Williams SC, et al. Synthesis and Properties of Biocompatible Water-Soluble Silica-Coated CdSe/ZnS Semiconductor Quantum Dots. J Phys Chem B. 2001; 105: 8861–71p.

Talapin DV, Rogach AL, Mekis I, et. al. Synthesis and surface modification of amino-stabilized CdSe, CdTe and InP nanocrystals, Colloids Surf A. 2002; 202: 145–54p.

Peng ZA, Peng X, Formation of High-Quality CdTe, CdSe, and CdS Nanocrystals Using CdO as Precursor, J Am Chem Soc. 2001; 123: 183−84p.

Manna L, Scher EC, Alivisatos AP, Synthesis of Soluble and Processable Rod-, Arrow-, Teardrop-, and Tetrapod-Shaped CdSe Nanocrystals, J Am Chem Soc. 2000; 122: 12700−706p.

Talapin DV, Rogach AL, Kornowski A, et al. Highly Luminescent Monodisperse CdSe and CdSe/ZnS Nanocrystals Synthesized in a Hexadecylamine−Trioctylphosphine Oxide−Trioctylphospine Mixture, Nano Lett. 2001; 1: 207−11p.

Yu WW, Peng X, Formation of High-Quality CdS and Other II–VI Semiconductor Nanocrystals in Noncoordinating Solvents: Tunable Reactivity of Monomers , Angew Chem Int Ed. 2002; 41: 2368−71p.

Xu L, Huang X, Huang H et al., Surface Modification and Enhancement of Luminescence due to Quantum Effects in Coated CdSe/CuSe Semiconductor Nanocrystal, Jpn J Appl Phys. 1998; 37: 3491–94p.

Liu S-M, Guo H-Q, Zhang Z-H et al. Characterization of CdSe and CdSe/CdS core/shell nanoclusters synthesized in aqueous solution. Physica E. 2000; 8: 174–78p.

Shahi AK, Pandey BK, Singh BP et al. Structural and optical properties of solvothermal synthesized nearly monodispersed CdSe nanocrystals. Adv Nat Sci: Nanosci Nanotech. 2016; 7(3): 035010–18p.

Laatar F, Harizi A, Smida A et al. Effect of deposition temperature on the structural and optical properties of CdSe QDs thin films deposited by CBD method. Mater Res Bull. 2016; 78: 83–95p.

Sharma K, Kumar A. Synthesis and Characterization of Pure and Zn Doped CdSe Nanoparticles by Ultrasonication Technique. Am Int J Res Sci Tech Eng Math. 2014; 8(1): 75–79p.

Suresh S, Arunseshan C. Dielectric Properties of Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) Nanoparticles synthesized by solvothermal method. Appl Nanosci. 2014; 4(2): 179–84p.

Zhu H, Hu MZ, Shao L et al. Synthesis and Optical Properties of Thiol Functionalized CdSe/ZnS (Core/Shell) Quantum Dots by Ligand Exchange. J Nanomater.Volume 2014 (2014), Article ID 324972, 14 pages.

Sivasankar J, Mallikarjuna P, Rao NM et al. Structural, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Cr Doped CdSe Powders Prepared by Solid State Reaction. Mech Mater Sci Eng. 2017; 9: 188–94p. DOI 10.2412/mmse.7.43.833

Thirugnanam N, Govindarajan D. Aqueous synthesis and characterization of Ni, Zn co-doped CdSe QDs. Int Nano Lett. 2016; 6(2): 105–09p.

Chalapathi GV, Thaidun M, Subramanyam D, et al. Synthesis and characterization of Fe doped CdSe nanoparticles for spintronic devices. Chalcogenide Lett. 2015; 12(4): 181–90p.

Abdullah HIM. Effect of Annealing Temperature and Thickness on the Structural and Optical Properties of CdSeThin Films. Ibn Al-Haitham J Pure Appl Sci. 2015; 28(1): 43-53p.

Glew RW. Cadmium selenide sputtered films. Thin Solid Films. 1977; 46: 59–67p.

Mathuri S, Ramamurthi K, Babu RR. Influence of deposition distance and substrate temperature on the CdSe thin films deposited by electron beam evaporation technique. Thin Solid Films. 2017; 625: 138–47p.

Rabe M, Lowisch M, Henneberger F. Self-assembled CdSe quantum dots Formation by thermally activated surface reorganization. J Cryst Growth. 1998; 184: 248–53p.

Ishiwu SMU, Nabuchi MN, Eze CN. The effect of deposition and annealing temperature and time on the optical and solid state properties of cadmim selenide (CdSe)thin films grown by chemical bath deposition technique. Chalcogenide Lett. 2011; 8: 59–64p.

Yadav AA, Barote MA, Masumdar EU. Studies on cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis. Mater Chem Phys. 2010; 121: 53–57p.

Mahato S, Kar AK. The effect of annealing on structural, optical and photosensitive properties of electrodeposited cadmium selenide thin films. Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices. 2017; 165–171p.

Kale SS, Pathan HM, Lokhande CD. Thickness dependent photoelectrochemical cells performance of CdSe and HgS thin films. J Mater Sci. 2005; 40: 2635–37p.

Chaudhari KB, Gosavi NM, Deshpande NG et al. Chemical synthesis and characterization of CdSe thin films deposited by SILAR technique for optoelectronic applications. Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices. 2016; 1: 476–481p.

Perna G, Capozzi V, Ambrico M. Structural properties and photoluminescence study of CdSe/Si epilayers deposited by laser ablation. J Appl Phys. 1998; 83: 3337. DOI: doi.org/10.1063/1.367102.

Hankare PP, Chate PA, Sathe DJ, et al. X-ray and optical properties of chemically deposited nanocrystalline CdSe thin films. J Alloys Compd. 2010; 503: 220–23p.

Hernandez-Perez MA, Aguilar-Hernandez J, Contreras-Puente G, et al. Comparative optical and structural studies of CdSe films grown by chemical bath deposition and pulsed laser deposition. Physica E. 2008; 40: 2535–39p.

Reisfeld R. Nanosized semiconductor particles in glasses prepared by the sol–gel method: their optical properties and potential uses. J Alloys Compd. 2002; 341: 56–61p.

Choudhary R, Chauhan RP. Swift heavy ion induced modifications in optical and electrical properties of cadmium selenide thin films. Electronic Materials Letter. 2017; 13(4): 330–8p.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.